6第六讲生产函数与沟逆模报酬定.ppt

第六讲 生产函数与规模报酬;;若投入 ;;具有单一可变投入的生产函数;;x1;;x1;3.C-D生产函数;x2;（七）生产技术的性质;2.凸性;凸性;Convexity;Convexity;Convexity;二、短期与长期;第二节短期生产函数与生产决策; 总产量（TP） 平均产量（AP）边际产量(MP);（一）;（二）;（三）;（四）;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;（五）;三、边际报酬递减规律;四、生产的三个阶段;Ⅰ;Ⅱ;Ⅲ;五、短期中劳动最优投入量;第三节长期生产函数与要素组合比例;二、边际技术替代率;且是凹函数（边际报酬递减）;一维情况下的凹函数条件：;在二维（或不考虑其它因素）的情况下;令y=c（常数）时， ;;技术替代率;Technical Rate-of-Substitution;Technical Rate-of-Substitution;;（一）利润函数;1、收益函数;在P与W既定时;（二）利润最大化的一价条件;即边际收益=边际成本;2、生产函数型;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;第四节生产扩张与规模报酬;A、等斜线;B、Ridge Lines 脊线;C、Economic Region 经济区;生产经济区(economic region of production)与脊线(ridge line);二、产出弹性、生产力弹性与替代弹性;（二）生产力（规模）弹性;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;（三）替代弹性：在产出量不变时， 要素比率变动的百分比除以技术 替代率变动的百分比;—等产量线的曲率;x1;三、规模报酬;（三）递减规模收益： ;处局部规模收益递增;例 ;Q3;五、替代效应与产量效应;六、技术进步的测定;全微分得;又 ;第五节 齐次生产函数与范围经济;（一）齐次生产函数;（二）欧拉定理—耗尽性分配定理;在规模报酬不变时;两边对t求导;二、 联合生产 ;显函数表示为;1、产品转换线;（二）范围经济;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;