9. Sampling Distributions - Free Statistics Book（9。）.pdf

9. Sampling Distributions Prerequisites • none A. Introduction B. Sampling Distribution of the Mean C. Sampling Distribution of Difference Between Means D. Sampling Distribution of Pearsons r E. Sampling Distribution of a Proportion F. Exercises The concept of a sampling distribution is perhaps the most basic concept in inferential statistics. It is also a difficult concept because a sampling distribution is a theoretical distribution rather than an empirical distribution. The introductory section defines the concept and gives an example for both a discrete and a continuous distribution. It also discusses how sampling distributions are used in inferential statistics. The remaining sections of the chapter concern the sampling distributions of important statistics: the Sampling Distribution of the Mean, the Sampling Distribution of the Difference Between Means, the Sampling Distribution of r, and the Sampling Distribution of a Proportion. 300 Introduction to Sampling Distributions by David M. Lane Prerequisites • Chapter 1: Distributions • Chapter 1: Inferential Statistics Learning Objectives 1. Define inferential statistics 2. Graph a probability distribution for the mean of a discrete variable 3. Describe a sampling distribution in terms of “all possible outcomes” 4. Describe a sampling distribution in terms of repeated sampling 5. Describe the role of sampling distributions in inferential statistics 6. Define the standard error of the mean Suppose you randomly sampled 10 people from the population of women in Houston, Texas, between the ages of 21 and 35 years and computed the mean height of your sample. You would not expect your sample mean to be equal to the mean of all women in Houston. It might be somewhat lower or it might be somewhat higher, but it would not equal the population mean exactly. Similarly, if you too