A NEW DESIGN APPROACH TO REDUCE WATER （一个新的设计方法以减少水）.pdf

A NEW DESIGN APPROACH TO REDUCE WATER COST IN MSF EVAPORATORS Authors: E. Ghiazza, P. Peluffo (Fisia Italimpianti) Presenter: E. Ghiazza Abstract Materials and fabrication technologies for MSF evaporators have greatly improved over the last two decades. Titanium is likely to become a valid alternative to the commonly used CuNi or AlBr for heat exchanger tubes, while new materials for evaporators shell and internals are making a debut into the desalination world. Particularly, the use of low-thickness Titanium tubes, allowing high in-tube velocities and low thermal resistance, seems to be likely to turn out well in reducing the size of tube bundles both in terms of heat exchange surface and of cross sectional area. This design solution, together with the use of Duplex stainless steel for evaporators shell and internals could lead to a significant cost reduction for MSF plants. The paper presents a detailed comparison study for a standard MSF evaporator between a classical solution and a possible new design, showing the major technical and economical differences of the two alternatives. Focus is pointed on how this could change our point of view about some “golden rules” for evaporator design. The paper is closed by a cost and benefits analysis of both cases, with some observations about how to minimize the cost of water in order to better meet the world ever-increasing demand of sustainable water supply. International Desalination Association BAH03-153 1 I. INTRODUCTION In the desalination history, new materials and technologies have been developed and then applied through the years, always improving efficiency and availability of the desalination plants. The