李彤《软件工程》教学课件ch31.pptVIP

Legacy system services An important application of services is to provide access to functionality embedded in legacy systems Legacy systems offer extensive functionality and this can reduce the cost of service implementation External applications can access this functionality through the service interfaces Legacy system access Software development with services Existing services are composed and configured to create new composite services and applications The basis for service composition is often a workflow Workflows are logical sequences of activities that, together, model a coherent business process For example, provide a travel reservation services which allows flights, car hire and hotel bookings to be coordinated Vacation package workflow Construction by composition Hotel booking workflow Workflow design and implementation WS-BPEL is an XML-standard for workflow specification. However, WS-BPEL descriptions are long and unreadable Graphical workflow notations, such as BPMN, are more readable and WS-BPEL can be generated from them In inter-organisational systems, separate workflows are created for each organisation and linked through message exchange Interacting workflows Service testing Testing is intended to find defects and demonstrate that a system meets its functional and non-functional requirements Service testing is difficult as (external) services are ‘black-boxes’. Testing techniques that rely on the program source code cannot be used Service testing problems External services may be modified by the service provider thus invalidating tests which have been completed Dynamic binding means that the service used in an application may vary - the application tests are not, therefore, reliable The non-functional behaviour of the service is unpredictable because it depends on load If services have to be paid for as used, testing a service may be expensive It may be difficult to invoke compensating actions in external services as these may rely on the failure of