ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)（环境影响评估(EIA)）.pdf

Profiles of Tools and Tactics for Environmental Mainstreaming No. 1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) A product of the Environmental Mainstreaming Initiative () (supported by DFID and Irish Aid) International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) 3 Endsleigh Street, London, WC1H 0DD Tel: +44-207-388-2117; Fax: +44-207-388-2826 Email: UserGuide@ Website: www.iied.irg ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) Note: We are grateful for review comments provided by Peter Nelson (Land Use Consultants, Bristol, UK) What is EIA for? What issues does an EIA focus Policy development on? Planning √ Guides good decisions Environmental √√√ (mainly) Field work √ For data collection Social √ (sometimes) Investment √ For project approval Economic √ (sometimes) Assessment √ Main focus Institutional √ (sometimes) Monitoring √ Indicates what to monitor Campaigning Purpose EIA is intended to identify the impacts (both beneficial and adverse) of a proposed public and private development activities. Often, the focus is dominantly environmental (biophysical); but good practice also addresses social and economic aspects. EIA is mainly used at the level of specific developments a