计数值抽样计划sampling plan..docVIP

计数值抽样计划 一.什么是操作特性曲线 ( Operating characteristic “OC” Curves ): 抽样计划中一个重要之观念是OC Curve. 也就是在某一缺点率之下, 一批板子在特定抽样计划之下的批允收机率所绘出之曲线图谓OC Curve. An OC curve is a plot of the probability of accepting a lot, as a function of the lot’s defect rate. Let: p = the defect rate of a lot, n = the end-of-line inspection sample size, Pa = the probability of the lot being accepted by the sampling scheme. For sampling schemes that accept a lot only when zero defectives are found in the sample, we have: For a given sample size, the OC curve looks like this: 改变抽样计划之抽样数会对 OC Curve有下列之影响: 增加抽样数使变更陡峭也会降低批允收之机率 (Pa ) for all quality levels. 降低抽样数使变较平缓也会增加批允收之机率 (Pa ) for all quality levels. The JMP template OC_AOQ.JMP can be used to calculate and plot an OC curve for any sample size. OC Curve 绘制范例: 假设目前之抽样计划是每批抽240片, 平均每批批量是2500片, 请绘制: 下表可由template OC_AOQ.JMP 得出. 只输入 n N 及可. 增加 ” ROW NUMBER “ 后此 TEMPLATE 可自动计算得下表. “Pa” 设为 Y 轴, “p” 设为 X 轴, 使用 “Fit Y by X” 即可得出下曲线. n N p DPM Pa AOQ (DPM) 240 2500 0.0000 0 1.0000 0 ? ? 0.0001 100 0.9763 88 ? ? 0.0002 200 0.9531 172 ? ? 0.0003 300 0.9305 252 ? ? 0.0004 400 0.9084 328 ? ? 0.0005 500 0.8869 401 ? ? 0.0006 600 0.8659 470 ? ? 0.0007 700 0.8453 535 ? ? 0.0008 800 0.8252 597 ? ? 0.0009 900 0.8057 656 . . . . . . . . . . . . OC Curve:  二. 什么是Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) AQL 是在特定之缺点率之下之95%批允收率所订出之零收一退抽样计划. 许多公司于最终成品或近料检验使用AQL 抽样计划, 其公式如下所示: AQL n 0.25% (2500 DPM) 20 0.15% (1500 DPM) 33 0.10% (1000 DPM) 50 0.05% (500 DPM) 97 (based on N = 2500 units per lot)  三. AQL 抽样计划之错误观念: AQL ”acceptable Quality Level”之DPM level并不代表保障客户之收货之缺点率DPM 等于原AQL DPM. AQL只是特定之缺点率之下之95%批允收率. 如 AQL 1500 DPM 抽样计划并不代表客户收货之缺点率DPM 小于 1500 DPM, 在 95% 之信心度之下. AQL 抽样计划是一个在低缺点率下之高批允收率之抽样计划. AQL 抽样计划只能保障high defect rate excursion. 下表在说明AQL能保障之DPM level, 假设90% reject 之机率之下; AQL n Defect Level Where Pa = 10% 0.25% (2500 DPM) 20 10.9% (109,000 DPM) 0.15% (1500 DPM) 33 6.7% (67,000 DPM) 0.10% (1000 DPM) 50 4.5% (45,000 DPM) 0.05% (500 DPM) 97 2.3% (2