汶川地震对我国地震的区划图与桥梁抗震设计的启示.pdf

第27 卷第6 期 Vol.27 No.6 工 程 力 学 2010 年 6 月 June 2010 ENGINEERING MECHANICS 120 文章编号：1000-4750(2010)06-0120-07 汶川地震对我国地震区划图与 桥梁抗震设计的启示 *王克海，李 茜，韦 韩 (交通部公路科学研究院，北京100088) 摘 要：自5·12 汶川地震至2009 年5 月一年的时间内，作者通过对汶川地震灾区的16 次调查，获得了桥梁震害 的第一手资料。该文首先对汶川地震、九江-瑞昌地震以及唐山大地震暴露出的关于地震区划图的问题进行探讨， 结果表明在我国地震区划图标示为低震区内多次发生强烈地震，建议工程师与科研人员正确认识和使用区划图； 并通过对比美国、日本以及我国地震区划图，提出我国地震动区划图的发展趋势及编制多水准地震动区划图的必 要性；然后，结合汶川地震后对公路交通系统的调查，研究了地震灾区不同场地条件下桥型的抗震性能，讨论了 概念设计与抗震构造措施对桥梁抗震的重要性，同时探讨了桥梁结构的抗震设防标准问题；最后总结汶川地震给 我国公路桥梁抗震带来的经验与教训，针对地震动区划图、桥梁抗震性能的评价、设计与研究提出意见。 关键词：桥梁；抗震设计；震害分析；地震区划图；汶川地震 中图分类号：U442.5+5 文献标识码：A ENLIGHTENMENT IN BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN AND SEISMIC ZONATION FROM WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE * WANG Ke-hai , LI Qian , WEI Han (Research Institute of Highway, Ministry of Communications, Beijing 100088, China) Abstract: This paper is based on 16 surveys since the occurrence of Wenchuan earthquake. Taking Wenchuan Earhquake, Jiujiang-Ruichang Earthquake and Tangshan Earthquake as examples, some problems in seismic zonation of China were discussed. It was pointed out that strong earthquakes have taken place in the above regions much more frequently than indicated by the zonation map. By reviewing the state-of-the-art of the seismic zonation of China, USA and Japan, the developing trend was studied and the multi-level seismic zonation map of China was put forward. Then the aseismic performance of various bridge types was analyzed and the importance of the concept design was stated. Finally, some suggestions on seismic zonation, aseism