1-1 空气（1-1 air）.doc

1-1 空气（1-1 air） Chapter 1 air oxygen The earth we live in is surrounded by a thick layer of air. Air not only plays a role in regulating the climate, but also is necessary for human beings and animals and plants to survive. In addition, air is an important resource for human production activities. In this chapter, we will focus on the study of oxygen, an important gas in the air. Section 1 air Air is the life support of human beings and all animals and plants, and it is also an important natural resource. But it is found that the composition of the air is relatively late, because air is a gas that neither sees nor smells. For a long time, air has long been regarded as a single substance. Later, scientists made a thorough study of combustion phenomena and the composition of the air before they realized that air is not a single substance. ? So what exactly is the composition of the air? Lets study the problem through experiments. The experimental 11] device as shown in figure 1-1. The bell in the water tank, with water as the baseline, the bell above the water volume is divided into 5 equal parts. In the combustion spoon filled with excessive red phosphorus, lit by alcohol lamp, immediately insert the bell jar, and plugged the rubber plug, observe the combustion and the change of the surface of red phosphorus. Through the experiment, we see in the red phosphorus burns with a large number of white smoke generated at the same time, the water bell rises gradually. After the combustion stopped and the white smoke disappeared, the water level in the bell jar rose by about 1/5. Why red combustion consumes only bell gas in the 1/5 and not all? This is because air is not a single substance, but a mixture of gases. The consumption of red phosphorus burning gas is oxygen in the air, the remaining components in the air is mainly nitrogen. In 1770s, many scientists had done similar experiments. The representative figures are Swedish chemist Scheler II, British chemist Pulis, Terr