管理学简答题（Simple answer to management）.docVIP

管理学简答题（Simple answer to management） Short Answer Questions First, what is the target management? What are its main characteristics and basic contents? Objective management is a scientific method in which managers can effectively manage all activities through the formulation, control and evaluation of management objectives. Features: 1., the integrity of the target, the incentive of 2. objectives; 3., pay attention to the final results; 4. should be denatured Basic content: 1. general goals and policies. 2., in accordance with the general objective and policy, from top to bottom to formulate departmental goals and personal goals. 3. to appoint authority, formulate measures, implement objectives, and check the implementation of the objectives to ensure that the objectives are met. 4., evaluation results, recognition awards. Two, what are the implications and signs of centralization and decentralization, and what are the factors that affect centralization and decentralization? What are the benefits of empowerment and the basic process of empowerment? Centralization refers to the centralization of decision-making power in the higher level of organization system. Decentralization refers to the decentralization of decision-making power in the lower level of organization system. The main indicators of centralization and decentralization are: the amount of decision-making, the scope of decision-making, the importance of decision-making, and the examination of decision-making. The factors influencing centralization and decentralization include the cost of decision-making, the consistency of policy, the scale of organization, the mode of organization, the management philosophy, the quantity and quality of managers, and the techniques and means of control. Authorization of the senior management personnel to escape the daily affairs, to concentrate on the major issues; authorization can alleviate the pressure of work, people who work under medium pressure performance is better;