排污权交易制度（Emission trading system）.docVIP

排污权交易制度（Emission trading system） Emission trading system I. main ideas and significance of emission trading system Emission trading originated in the United states. Dales, an American economist, first proposed the theory of emission trading in 1968. In the face of sulfur dioxide pollution is becoming increasingly serious reality, the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to solve the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection through the new enterprise, in the implementation of air quality objectives under the clean air act of the proposed emissions trading, introduced the emission reduction credit of the concept, and focus on emissions reduce the credit from the beginning of 1977 has formulated a series of policies and regulations, permit the transfer and exchange of emission reductions between different factories, which also provides a new choice for the enterprise how to carry out the minimum cost of pollution reduction. Then Germany, Britain, Australia and other countries have implemented the practice of emission trading. The so-called emissions trading refers to the total pollutant emission control indicators were determined under the conditions of use of the market mechanism, the establishment of legal pollutant discharge right is the right of pollution, and allow such rights such as commodity is bought and sold, in order to control the emission of pollutants, so as to reduce emissions and protect the environment to. The main idea of emission trading is to establish legal right to discharge pollutants (usually in the form of sewage permits) to control the discharge of pollutants. It is the government will use the legal system of environment economic rights and market mechanism is the combination of the government, only the visible hand and the invisible hand of the market combined with a more efficient means to control environmental pollution. The implementation of this system is in the total pollutant discharge control und