老疫区松材线虫病持续控制技术研究※范军祥黄焕华钱明惠黄咏槐.DOC

老疫区松材线虫病持续控制技术研究※ 范军祥 黄焕华 钱明惠 黄咏槐 武海卫 （广东省林业科学研究院 广州 510520） 摘要 2005～2009年在广州松材线虫病老疫区系统开展了疑似病死松树的早期诊断、应用引诱剂和林间释放花绒寄甲控制松褐天牛、清理病死木套袋熏蒸和疫区松林植物群落结构改造等持续控制技术研究。结果表明：疫区内松树枯死木松材线虫的检出率为22.1%～55.4%。诱到松褐天牛成虫19853头，每个诱捕器的诱虫量为15.4～24.8头/年。释放花绒寄甲成虫1115头，寄生率为9.21%～60.0%。清理枯死木14769株，熏蒸袋内的松褐天牛死亡率达到99.5%以上。在松林内套种39种阔叶树共112000株，改善了松林的植物群落结构，提高了松林对松褐天牛及松材线虫病的抗性。 关键词：松材线虫，松褐天牛，引诱剂，花绒寄甲，疫木清理，植物群落结构改造 Study on the Sustainable Management of Pine Wood Nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilis) in Old Epidemic Areas Fan Junxiang Huang Huanhua Qian Minghui Huang Yonghuai Wu Haiwei (Guangdong Forestry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510520) Abstract The sustainable control technology research on pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilis) and pine sawyer beetle ( Monochamus alternatus ) have been carried out in Guangzhou old epidemic areas from 2005 to 2009. The main technical measures including (1) Early diagnosis of pine wilt disease; (2) Control and monitor the adults M. alternatus by attractant; (3) Control pine sawyer beetles by releasing Dastarcus helophoroides; (4) Clean up dead trees and extinguish pests in woodlands; (5) Modification on the plant community structure in pine forest. The results showed that the detection rate of B. xylophilis from dead trees is 22.1%～55.4%; 19583 adults of M. alternatus have been trap in the test area, and 15.4～24.8 adults per trap set in a year; 1115 D. helophoroides were released in the pine forest, and the parasitism rate is 9.21%～60.0%; 14769 dead trees have been clean up, the mortality rate of M. alternatus larva or pupae is up to 99.5%; 112000 broadleaf trees (39 species) were planted in the pine forests, the plant community gets higher resistance to pine sawyer and pine wood nematode disease. Key words Bursaphelenchus xylophilis，Monochamus alternatus，attractant，Dastarcus helophoroides, epidemic trees clean, plant community structure modification 松材线虫病是由松材线虫[Bursaphelenchus xylophilus（SteinerBuhrer）Nickle]侵染引发的一种松林毁灭性病害，其媒介昆虫主要是松褐天牛（Mon