组成简答题（Form a simple answer）.doc

组成简答题（Form a simple answer） 1. what are the main design ideas of Von Neumanns computers? What major components does it include? Answer:? The basic idea is: Neumann computer system storage procedures, be used to describe the instruction sequence problem program together with the original data stored in the computer. As soon as the computer is started, it can automatically take out a list of instructions and execute them until the program is finished and the results are computed. The computer hardware system designed according to this idea consists of 5 basic components: ALU, controller, memory, input device and output device. The operation part is used for data transformation and various operations; control unit provides a unified clock in the computer, the basic operating procedures of the timing distribution, and give out the corresponding control signals, each component drives the computer according to the beat and orderly completion of operation procedures of the content; the memory is used to store programs and data and the operation result; the main role is to accept user input and output devices to provide external information output or used to provide information to the user. 2., why do code codes usually use shift codes? Answer: (1) shift code method is more convenient to the comparison of two index size and pair of order operation; (2) only the minimum negative number represented by the shift code is all zero (including symbol bits), and zero or one of the machine, so that it is convenient for the design of the hardware and software. 3. instructions and data are stored in memory. How does CPU distinguish between instructions and data from time and space? A: in time, the instruction takes place in the fetch cycle, and the data takes place in the execution cycle. Spatially, the instructions read out of memory flow to the controller; the data stream read out of memory flows to the arithmetic unit. What is the difference between a 4. vectored interrupt and a no