马蹄参属的起源和地理分布-南京林业大学学报自然科学版.PDF

第 25 卷第 1 期 南 京 林业大 学学 报 Vo l. 25 , No. 1 2001 年 1 月 Journal of N anjing Forestry U niversity Jan. , 2001 马蹄参属的起源和地理分布 朱伟华向其柏2 (l.深圳市城市绿化管理处，广东 深圳 518028; 2. 南京林业大学，江苏 南京 210037) 摘要:根据现代地理分布及近缘化石属的分布状况，讨论了马蹄参属植物的起源和地理分布， 划定了该属植物的分布区类型。 确认马蹄参属曾广泛分布于欧亚大陆和北美洲，可能于晚自 圭纪起源于中、西欧散布途径主要有两条:从起源地经西亚沿提特斯海北岸传播进入东南亚 和中国南部;从起源地经格陵兰群岛进入北美洲。 马蹄参属的现代分布格局主要是由以下三 方面因素形成的: 气候变迁、地史变迁、植物自 身生物特性及对不良环境的适应能力。 关键词:马蹄参属;起源;地理分布 中图分类号: S792. 03 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1000- 2006(2001)01- 0035- 04 The 仙igin and Distribution of Genus Diplopanax Hand. -Mazz. ZHU Wer hual , XIANG Qr bai2 ( l. Urb an Greening Administration of Shenzh en, Shenzh en 518028 , China; 2. Nanjing For咽try Univ ersity , Nanjing 210037 , China) Abstract: On the basis of modern distribution and fossil remains of Diplop αnαx and its relatives , the origin and distribution of Dip lop αnax were discussed. The distribution pattern of Diplopαnαx was defined. Diplopαnαχw idely occurred in Eurasia and N orth America. The origin of Diplop αnαχcould be probably determined at the early period of upper Cretaceous in M iddle or West Europe. It dispersed mainly by two routes: From the origin locality via West Asia to the Southeast Asia and South China along the north of the Tethyan Sea. From the origin locality via Greenlan企bridge to N orth America. The formation of the mod- ern distribution pattern and reasons for this formation might be concluded as follow s: the shift of climate , the shift of earth history , and biological characters of itself. Key words: Diplop αnαχ; Origin; Distrub