CANTILEVER WALLS Missouri ST（悬臂墙密苏里州科技）.pdf

Part 4 CANTILEVER WALLS CANTILEVER CANTILEVER WALLS WALLS • Cantilever theory was introduced by Galileo in th the 16 Century, then advanced by Sir John Fowler and Sir Benjamin th Baker in the 19 Century • Reinforced concrete retaining walls were introduced by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad in the 1880s • Common types of cantilever retaining wall systems • Pile driving dates back to the time of the Romans • Large diameter augers allow structures to extend into any kind of material • Common failure modes of cantilever retaining walls, from Huntington’s Earth Pressures and Retaining Walls (1957) • The basic design precepts employed in cantilever walls include considerations of dead man tiebacks, taking active pressures to the bottom of the wall and considering any reductions in passive resistance for inclined slopes. Deflection generally governs design for cantilever walls more than 18 feet high. • Design components for conventional cantilever walls on spread footings. • The resultant thrust should project through the middle third of the footing or eccentric loading may result in localized bearing failure. • The Rankine linear approximation tends to under and overestimate actual loads, as sketched above. • The period of relaxation between excavation and placement of struts also affects measured soils loads, sketched at left. COMMON ERRORS • A common error in design of cant