Chapter 4 Earthquakes OCDI（第四章地震OCDI）.pdf

PART II ACTIONS AND MATERIAL STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS, CHAPTER 4 EARTHQUAKES Chapter 4 Earthquakes Public Notice Earthquake Ground Motions Article 16 Level 1 earthquake ground motions shall be appropriately set in terms of the probabilistic time history wave profiles based on actual measurements of earthquake ground motions and by taking into consideration the hypocenter characteristics, the propagation path characteristics, and the site characteristics. 2 Level 2 earthquake ground motions shall be appropriately set in terms of the time history wave profiles based on actual measurements of the earthquake ground motions, scenario parameters of earthquake hypocenters, and/or others, and by taking into consideration the hypocenter characteristics, the propagation path characteristics, and the site characteristics. [Technical Notes] 1 Ground Motion 1.1 General The three important factors that affect ground motion are the effect of the rupture process on the fault surface, namely source effects, the effect of the propagation path from the source to the seismic bedrock, namely propagation path effects, and the effect of the sediments on the seismic bedrock, namely site effects (see Fig. 1.1.1). Here the seismic bedrock is strata generally made of granite having an S wave velocity of 3km/s or more. The acceleration Fourier spectrum O( f ) of the ground motion measured on the ground surface is given in general by the product of the source effects S( f ), the propagation path effects P( f ), and the site effects G( f ). (1.1.1) Here f is the frequency. Also, the group delay time tgr O( f ) measured on the ground surface is given by the sum of the source effects tgrS ( f ), the propagation path effects tgrP (