Linear and Angular Kinematics 03 ASU（运动学 03 ASU线速度和角速度）.pdfVIP

Linear and angular kinematics • How far? – Describing change in linear or angular position – Distance (scalar): length of path – Displacement (vector): difference between starting and finishing positions; independent of path; “as the crow flies” – Symbols: • linear - d angular - θ Examples of linear distance – Describing race distances: • 100 m sprint • Indy 500 auto race • 4000 km Tour de France – Characterizing performance: • Shot put distance • Long jump distance • Pole vault height – Typical units: cm, m, km, ft, mile Stoichiometry example • How far is 60 ft in m? – 1 ft = 12 in; – 1 in = 2.54 cm; – 100 cm = 1 m 12 in 2.54 cm 1 m 60 ⋅12 ⋅ 2.54 ⋅1 60ft =⋅ ⋅ m 18.288 m ft in cm ⋅ ⋅ 1 1 100 1 1 100 Difference between distance and displacement Examples of angular distance – Diving, gymnastics: • “two and a half with a full twist” • “triple toe loop” – Typical units: three common units • Revolutions • Radians • Degrees Stoichiometry example • How many radians in 3 revolutions? • 1 rev = 2π rad (6.28 rad) = 360° • 1 rad = 57.3° 360 deg 2 3 360 2 π rad ⋅ ⋅ π . 3 rev =⋅ ⋅ rad 18 84 rad 1 360 deg 1 360 rev ⋅ What the heck is a radian? • A radian is defined as the ratio between the circumference of a unit circle