Mechanics of Materials University of Pittsburgh（材料力学,匹兹堡大学）.pdfVIP

Statics and Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-1 Internal force, normal and shearing Stress Department of Mechanical Engineering Outlines Outlines Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Internal Forces - cutting plane  Result of mutual attraction (or repulsion) between molecules on both sides of the cutting plane  These result is distributed over the entire surface of the cutting plane Department of Mechanical Engineering Internal Forces - cutting plane Each part of the body satisfies the equilibrium equation The resultant of the internal forces R must be in equilibrium with other applied forces in the body part Stress is the intensity of the R So either body part can be used to determine the internal forces Department of Mechanical Engineering Internal Force – cutting plane If the cutting plane is perpendicular to the bar axis the internal forces, internal stress, and the resultant will be perpendicular in normal direction If the cutting plane is not perpendicular the resultant will still be perpendicular, but it has normal and tangential components Department of Mechanical Engineering Normal stress – axial loading Axial loading = the loading/force is collinear with the axis of the bar Stress = intensity of the internal force Generally speaking, Or symbolically, Department of Mechanical Engineering Normal stress – some notes Generally, the stress is not uniformly distributed over the area For many applications, it’d be assumed that it is uniformly distributed Cross area changes under loading En