No Slide Title（没有幻灯片标题）.pptx

MANAJEMEN KESUBURAN TANAH Dikoleksi oleh : Prof.Dr.Ir.Soemarno,M.S. Jurs Tanah FP-UB PSLP PPSUB September 2013;KESUBURAN TANAH;TANAH SUBUR;SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT Laura van Sch?ll, Rienke Nieuwenhuis Agromisa Foundation, Wageningen, 2004.; Crop husbandry measures Crop husbandry measures refer to methods the farmer can use before, during and after the growing season that do not require the addition of a new component to his business nor the purchase of many extra inputs (just sowing or planting materials). These measures include mulching, green manuring, intercropping, green fallow periods, and agroforestry. All of the above methods are intended to achieve and retain optimum conditions in the root zone, where the crop gets the nutrients and moisture it needs for good production. Also the soil must be penetrable for plant roots. Methods such as mulching, intercropping and agroforestry aim to keep the soil covered in order to prevent evaporation and dehydration. Intercropping and agroforestry also ensure that extensive root systems are present in the soil; planting different crops with different root systems that need different nutrients contributes to a better utilisation of the available nutrients and water. The trees that form a part of agroforestry systems also ensure that the nutrients in deeper soil layers are utilised. Green manuring and green fallow periods contribute particularly to a higher level of organic matter and to greater availability of the nutrients that are released from the organic material worked into the soil. The latter function can be intensified if leguminous plants are used. ;BAHAN ORGANIK TANAH Organic matter is very important in soil fertility management because it has many properties that help increase soil fertility and improve the soil structure. Organic matter has a great capacity to retain nutrients; this is especially important in sandy soils, which retain very few nutrients. Organic matter can also retain a lot of