Quantifying the contribution of smallscale （量化小规模的贡献）.pdfVIP

MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 73: 149-160, 1991 Published July 11 Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. Quantifying the contribution of small-scale turbulence to the encounter rates between larval fish and their zooplankton prey: effects of wind and tide* B. R. MacKenzie, W. C. Leggett Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205ave. Dr. Penfield, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1 ABSTRACT: It has recently been suggested that small-scale turbulence can increase the encounter rate between planktonic predators and their prey. In this paper, we quantify the contribution of turbulence to contact rates and estimate the potential for misrepresenting larval contact rates when turbulence is not accommodated in interpretations of the larval food resource. This was achieved through simulations evaluating the nature and magnitude of wind- and tide-induced turbulence on the encounter rate between larval fishes and copepod nauplii. These simulations were based on an empirical model describing turbulent energy levels under varying conditions of wind and depth, and on the Simpson- Hunter formulation for depth-averaged turbulence due to tidal motion. The contribution of small-scale turbulence to encounter rates depended strongly on wind and tidal velocities, prey density and distribution, and larval fish swimming speeds. Failure to consider the influence of small-scale turbulence when prey density 5