施肥模式对茶叶品质、产量构成及土壤肥力的影响.PDF

2014 5 22 5 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, May 2014, 22(5): 525−533 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.40081 * 程博一 韩艳娜 李叶云 江昌俊** ( 230036) 采用田间试验, 比较分析了撒施、沟施和沟施覆膜 3 种施肥模式及沟施覆膜下氮肥施用量对茶叶品 质成分、产量构成因子和茶园土壤肥力状况的影响。结果表明: 沟施覆膜在一定程度上增加了茶叶产量并改 善了品质, 提高了茶园土壤的基本肥力状况, 沟施次之, 撒施效果最差。与沟施相比, 沟施覆膜下茶叶的水浸 出物、咖啡碱、游离氨基酸含量分别提升 2.24% 、7.26% 、14.68%, 茶多酚下降 1.88%, 芽叶密度、芽叶长度 分别提升8.50%、8.15%; 土壤表层和深层pH 分别下降8.16%和5.30%, 表层有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、 速效钾分别提升 10.87%、26.74% 、17.95%、34.69% 、25.42%, 深层有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾 分别提升 10.38%、28.22% 、25.64% 、15.34%、17.97%。比较沟施覆膜下45 kg·hm−2 、60 kg·hm−2 、75 kg·hm−2 、 90 kg·hm−2 4 种施氮量对茶叶品质、产量构成以及土壤肥力提高的效果, 结果表明随着施氮量的增加, 茶叶品 质及产量构成和茶园土壤肥力增加, 但施氮75 kg·hm−2 与90 kg·hm−2 处理的茶叶品质及产量构成因子间差异不 显著, 说明沟施覆膜条件下施氮肥75 kg·hm−2 即可满足茶园生产需求。 覆膜 施肥模式 施氮量 茶叶品质 产量构成 土壤肥力 : S571.1; S143.1 : A : 1671-3990(2014)05-0525-09 Effects of different fertilization patterns on soil nutrient, tea quality and yield components CHENG Boyi, HAN Yanna, LI Yeyun, JIANG Changjun (Key Laboratory of Tea Biochemistry Biotechnology, Anhui Agricultural University, Heifei 230036, China) Abstract To determine the fertilization efficiency under different fertilization modes and fertilization rates of tea garden, a field test was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization practices on soil fertility, and tea quality and yield components. Three fertilization modes were set up — broadcast fertilization, furrow fertilization and furrow fertilization with plastic-film mulching. Five fertilization rates were designed under furrow fertilization with p