否定转移和代词理解.doc

Transfer of negation In some negative sentences, “not” is to negate the predicates in form, but actually it is used to negate other elements of those negative sentences. Therefore, while translating, we should transfer the negation. All that glisters is not gold. Every man cannot be a scientist. not…as\like He does not limit his principal advisers to a special field of concentration like Mr.Truman. The number of people who consult psychiatrists today is not, as is sometimes felt, a symptom of increasing mental illness health. The maker of each is careful to observe the laws of his own perspective, and however great a strain they may put upon us they will never confuse us, as lesser writers so frequently do, by introducing two different kinds of reality into the same book. not …because\ not…simply because not…only because\ not …merely because Transfer of negation E.g. A high executive does not have a large vocabulary merely because of the opportunities of his position. But two systems are not necessarily identical, or even very similar because they have some properties in common. Transfer of negation not…to do( infinitive expressing purpose) E.g. They do not conduct the dangerous experiment to serve their private interest. We did not build institutes of technology to educate boys for export. Transfer of negation not…Adverbial( with preposition) E.g. Scientific discoveries and inventions do not always influence the language in proportion to their importance. It is doubtful whether the radio and the movie are more important than the telegraph and telephone, but they have brought many new words into general use. Transfer of negation He has never mixed with them or spoken to them on equal terms, but has demanded and generally received a respect due to his position and superior intelligence. Transfer of negation not…nearly E.g. The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of pro