英汉翻译讲义-第一.pptVIP

直译法：内容第一、形式第二、通顺第三 Wash one’s hands (of) 意译法：内容第一、通顺第二、形式第三 He hard about as much chance of getting a job as of being chosen mayor of Chicago. (J. London) (1)他找到工作的机会和当选芝加哥市长的机会几乎差不多。 （2）他要找到工作简直跟要当选芝加哥市长同样困难。 他找到工作的机会简直微乎其微。 Wash one’s hands (of) Fight it out Armed to the teeth. 硬译法（或“死译法”） The Milky Way: （牛奶路） 滥译法（或“过译法”） Rub one’s hands: 摩拳擦掌 To kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟。 一箭双雕。 All roads leads to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 条条大路通北京。 殊途同归。 To grow like mushrooms. 雨后春笋 Foreignizing translation Domesticating translation IV. 翻译的过程 第一步：准确、完整地读懂原文的意思； 第二步：将读懂的意思用地道、标准的中文或者英文根据译文的用途准确、完整、流畅地重写出来。 理解阶段 （1）. 理解语言现象。译者必须上下有联系地理解原文的词汇含义。句法结构和惯用法等等。如： Suddenly the line went limp. “I’m going back,” said Kurth. “We must have a break somewhere. Wait for me. I’ll be back in five minutes.” It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated. John is now with his parents in New York City; it is already three years since he was a bandmaster. (2)理解逻辑关系 It is good for him to do that. (3)理解原文所涉及的事物 John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game. 2.表达阶段 （1）直译。即内容与形式的双向一致。 Hitler was armed to the teeth when he launched the Second World War, but in a few years, he was completely defeated. (2) 意译 Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it. Do you see any green in my eye? (3)直译与意译的有机结合 3.校核阶段 人名、地名、日期、方位、数字等； 段、句及重要的词有无错漏； 错译的火译的不妥的句子、词组和词； 力求语言朴素，无冷僻词句，无陈词滥调，无段落及标点错误 通常两遍校核，第一遍着重内容，第二遍着重润色。 IV. 译者的素质 翻译其实上是学习两种语言，而学习语言其实是学习两种语言背后的经济、政治、文化、社会、宗教、历史。翻译的真功夫全在“舞文弄墨”之外。 政治立场； 双语水平 熟悉基本翻译理论和翻译技能 持续吸收和丰富各种基础知识。做杂家、专家。 信息能力 Its more a poem than a picture. He drank himself out of the best lines. He pretends to be as modest as anything. Fire goes wherever it can, but it prefers to follow a draft. The room was easily traced by the noise that was coming from it. Taking care to pitch my voice to politeness, I asked about the next bus to Hattiesburg. If you feel depressed at a social gathering, keep it a secret. The bacteri