作物产量差研究与展望.PDF

2009 11 17 6 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, Nov. 2009, 17(6): 1283−1287 DOI: 10. 3724/SP.J.1011.2009.01283 * 1 2 3 2 2 王纯枝 李良涛 陈 健 刘明强 宇振荣 (1. 100081; 2. 100193; 3. 311300) 作物实际产量与潜在产量间存在较大差距, 地区间甚至同一地区不同田块间作物产量也存在显著差 异, 这种现象在世界范围内的农业生产中广泛存在。缩小该差距对于提高粮食产量, 确保粮食安全具有重要 意义。本文在阐述开展作物产量差研究重要性和必要性的基础上, 从产量差的内涵、研究尺度的扩展及分析 方法等方面介绍了目前国内外有关作物产量差的研究进展, 并综述了作物生长模拟模型在产量差研究中的应 用, 最后分析了目前作物产量差研究中存在的问题和不足之处, 并探讨了未来作物产量差研究的发展方向。 作物产量 作物潜在产量 作物产量差 作物生长模型 研究方法 : S5/59 : A : 1671-3990(2009)06-1283-05 Status and perspective of crop yield gap 1 2 3 2 2 WANG Chun-Zhi , LI Liang-Tao , CHEN Jian , LIU Ming-Qiang , YU Zhen-Rong (1. National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China; 2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 3. International Research Center for Spatial Ecology, Zhejiang Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China) Abstract There exists a large gap between crop potential yield and actual yield for cultivated farmlands. Variation in crop yield from field to field is a common ubiquitous feature across agricultural landscapes. Closing yield gap plays an important role in increasing food production and ensuring food security. This study introduces the importance and necessity for closing yield gap and summarizes domestic and international research progress in yield gap analysis. The development and definition of yield gap, research method and scale, and data analysis method are documented. The application of crop growth model in yield gap research is also discussed. Finally, the main problems current