Ch2 Computer Hardw的are.ppt

1;After this chapter, you should be able to: Explain why most computers are digital Describe the role of the ALU List factors that affect performance Explain RAM Compare storage technologies;After this chapter, you should be able to: Explain the factors that might help a shopper decide whether to purchase a CRT, LCD, or plasma monitor Compare and contrast the technologies and applications for printers Describe computer’s expansion bus Explain hardware compatibility considerations;Chapter 2 Outline;Computer Concepts 8th EditionParsons/Oja;Data representation makes it possible to convert letters, sounds, and images into a form computers can use for processing A digital device works with discrete data, such as the digits 1 and 0 An analog device works with continuous data;Computers are digital Just as a standard light switch is a simpler technology than a dimmer, so is digital when compared to analog;The binary number system (base 2) uses only two digits 0, and 1 The following table lists some decimal numbers and their binary equivalent:;Character data is composed of letters, symbols, and numerals that are not used in arithmetic operations ASCII requires only 7 bits for each character Extended ASCII uses 8 bits to represent each character;EBCDIC is an alternative 8-bit used by older IBM systems Unicode uses 16 bits and provides codes for 65,000 characters Used for foreign language support;Sounds and pictures must be transformed into a format the computer can understand A computer must digitize colors, notes, and instrument sounds into 1s and 0s;A bit is one binary digit (b) 0 A byte is 8 bits (B) 0010 0100;Kilo- means a 1000, Mega- means million百万, Giga -means billion十亿 Kilobit (Kb) is 1,024 bits Kilobyte (KB) is 1, 024 bytes Megabyte (MB) is 1,048,576 bytes Gigabyte (GB) is 1,073,741,824 bytes;How does a computer store and transport all these bits?;Desktop units are designed with expectation that the home user may add or update the equipment Small desktop and noteb