Personality Theories-pp.68-107-Jung_Adler性格心理学之20.docVIP

Personality Theories-8th Edition Part Two- The Neopsychoanalytic Approach CARL GUSTAV JUNG (1875-1961): -born in 1875 in Switzerland where he lived all his live -only surviving son of a poor country pastor -father was conventional, kind but weak -Jung was sceptical of the orthodox faith and searched relentlessly for answers -his studies have interests in religion, mythology and the occult -mother was a powerful person-suffered from emotional disturbances (kind loving and harsh aloof) -childhood was lonely and he was introverted -maturity was defined in terms of integration or balance within the self -had several close contacts with death and also familiar with illness -in youth had a series of fainting spells and enjoyed freedom from school and explore other areas -his life is a testament to the healing power of the psyche -originally wanted to be an archaeologist, but couldn’t afford it -chose to study medicine and planning to specialize in surgery when he came across a textbook by Krafft-Ebing (neurologist) that described psychiatry as invariably subjective -worked with Eugen Bleuler (who coined term schizophrenia), then became lecturer at University of Zurich -developed a private practice and developed a word-association test to study emotional reactions -met Freud in 1907 -both were highly impressed with one another -when International Psychoanalytic Society was founded, Freud appointed Jung as the first president, they travelled together to Clark University to lecture -they had their disagreements, whereby Freud often gotten very upset and one time even fainted -1913- Jung broke away from Freud and his school (a great loss for both) -some reasons for break with Freud: - Jung’s rejection of Freud’s emphasis on sexuality-Jung believed sexuality itself must be seen as symbolic and cannot be fully analyzed or depicted -developed his own school of thought: analytical psychology-unique theories about Eastern religions, mythology and alchemy -died in 1961 at 85 years