光电子学-第二十一讲.PPT

* * Summary of Lecture 20 TE0m mode TM0m mode Cutoff condition Summary of Lecture 20 EH modes HE modes (no HE11) §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes Consider a fiber whose core refractive index is only slightly higher than that of the cladding medium, i.e., Such that H and E tangential component at the interface become identical. We may use Cartesian coordinate system to solve the wave equation with tremendous simplification. Assume: We now start solve the wave equation for the transverse filed components. The first case §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes Coordinate Relation Bessel Function Relation and §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes Solutions Core Cladding §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes are the dominant field components is determined by the normalization condition Continuity condition requires The second case §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes Solutions Core Cladding §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes are the dominant field components So for both cases, the modes are nearly transverse and linearly polarized along the x or y direction. And two types guided modes whose transverse fields are polarized orthogonally to each other. Continuous conditions: Case I §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes gets the same results. For case II, we also have the same results, which means two transversely orthogonal modes are degenerate in the propagation constant. Moreover the above equation are equivalent. Compare to the eq. (3.3-11), which has two solution, this indicates above solution is twofold degenerate. More detail comparison shows that the linearly polarized modes are actually a superposition of HEl+1,m and EHl-1,m modes. The mode cutoff condition is given by q=0 §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes No cutoff for The 1st zero The 2nd zero The 1st zero §12.3 Linearly Polarized Modes Two orthogonal HE §12.4 Pulse Propagation and Pulse Spreading in Fibers Group velocity dispersion limits the pulse width reduction. Group velocity Pulse spreading constant Field envelope Pulse duration Initial pu