基础综合化学试验-汕头大学试验信息平台.PDFVIP

基础综合化学实验 佟庆笑 汕头大学理学院化学系 2011 年 1 目 录 实验一、溴代环己烷的制备……………………………………..3 实验二、乙酰苯胺的制备………………………………………..6 实验三、从茶叶中提取咖啡因…………………………………..8 实验四、配合物键合异构体的制备及红外光谱测定…………14 实验五、离子型化合物的离子交换分离…………….…………19 实验六、常见有机化合物的化学鉴别………………………….21 实验七、乙酰二茂铁的制备与分离………………….…………22 2 实验一、溴代环己烷的制备 Synthesis of bromocyclohaxane from cyclohexene Preview In this reaction, we will be adding a concentrated HBr solution to an alkene to produce an alkyl halide. This reaction proceeds by an acid-base reaction between the alkene and HBr to produce a carbocation, followed by an association reaction between the carbocation and bromide ion. Before coming to lab, please read all of the procedures given below. Write an introduction in your lab notebook. Fill out the following table and include it in your introduction. Then review the following techniques: Refluxing a Reaction, Extraction and washing, Drying and Organic Solvent, and Evaporating an Organic Solvent. 1.5 mL 5 mL Chemicals Cyclohexene, 48% HBr Procedure Set-up and run the reaction: • Add the cyclohexene to a round-bottom flask using a graduated pipette. • Add the HBr solution to the reaction using a graduated cylinder. • Add a spin vane. 3 • Add a reflux condenser, clamping the condenser in place, and set up the tubing. • Turn on the water, then turn the stirring up until the two phases mix as much as possible without causing the spin vane to just vi