宾语从句 上课版.ppt

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宾语从句 上课版

根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种: 1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who,what,which等。如: eg:你能告诉我谁知道答案吗? 这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西? * Could you tell me who knows the answer,please? * The small children dont know what is in their stockings. 2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:    eg:他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 老师问我们房间里有多少人。 * He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class. * The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.  3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。    eg:他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。 你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗? * He hasn‘t decided if he’ll go on a trip to Wuxi.   * Could you tell me what I should do with the money ? 4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如:   eg:你知道他在哪个班吗? 她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。 * Do you know which class he is in ?   * She asked me if I knew whose pen it was. 2、主句用过去时,从句用与过去相关的时态。= 主过从必过 eg:Kate 说过在桌子下有一个盒子。 他们问我那个时候他在做什么. 她问我是否以前见过她。 Kate said there was a box under the desk. They asked what he was doing then. She asked whether I had seen her before. 4.注意:   if和when既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句,应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。 if和when引导宾语从句时,分别意为“是否”和“何时”,其时态应和主句时态相呼应; 它们引导状语从句时,意思分别为“如果,假如”和“当……时候”,当主句时态是一般将来时时,其时态用一般现在时。 Eg: —Do you know when he ____________back tomorrow ?   —Sorry,I don‘t know.When he ________ back,I’ll tell you.   Eg: —I dont know if he _____________. —He ____________if it doesnt rain. 简化宾语从句常用六法 Eg: Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon. We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him. 方法一:当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise等,且从句的主语与主句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。 Eg: She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window. 方法二:当主句谓语动词是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等动词,且主句主语与从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。      Eg: Could you tell me how I can get to the

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