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Determinants of the size of the nonprofit sector （非营利部门的大小的决定因素）
The European Journal of Comparative Economics
Vol. 9, n. 3, pp. 337-348
ISSN 1824-2979
Determinants of the size of the nonprofit sector
Frederic L. Pryor*
Abstract
Using comparable cross-section data on expenditures and labor force in the nonprofit sector for a
sample of 25 nations, I test a series of hypotheses about their determinants. A small number of
variables, of which the level of economic development and the role of government, are the most
important and can explain over half of the variance in the sample in most cases.
JEL Classification: L3, P5, Z1
Keywords: non-profit sector, government role
1. Introduction
What are nonprofit institutions (NPIs)? Salamon and Anheier (1999) define
them according to the following characteristics: The NPIs have an institutional
presence and structure; they are institutionally separate from the state; they do
not distribute their profits to any person or organization; they are self-governing;
their membership is voluntary; and their financing is non-compulsory and comes
from grants, fees, and gifts. These institutions may render charitable benefits
(either goods, services, or money) to others; or provide health, education, or
other services for a fee; or act to benefit those financing the nonprofit as a group
of individuals as does, for example, a cooperative seed agency, a trade
association, or a sports club.
This short essay explores the major determinants of the size of the
nonprofit sector in 25 nations. I measure the size of this sector both by the ratio
of NPI expendi
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