基于热电偶的单片机温度控制系统设计.docVIP

温度控制系统 摘 要 本设计是采用热电偶为温度检测元件的单片机温度控制系统，这个系统是由硬件和软件两部分组成的。 硬件电路包括三个部分：温度检测及放大电路、键盘/显示电路、温度控制电路。工作过程如下：热电偶检测炉内温度，得到的温度值经过A/D转换后输入到8155进行显示，同时从8155键盘输入系统温度设定值，将设定值与实际测量值进行比较会得到一个偏差值，将此偏差值进行PID处理，处理后的控制量送给双向可控硅。双向可控硅在给定周期T内具有不同的导通时间，这是由双向可控硅控制极上的触发脉冲控制的，这个触发脉冲是8031的P1.3引脚上产生的，经过零同步脉冲同步后经光耦管和驱动电路输出到可控硅的控制极上，从而改变加热的时间，达到温度控制的目的。 软件部分包括主程序、T0中断服务程序、T1中断服务程序等。 关键词：单片机，温度控制，硬件，PID算法 Temperature Control System Abstract The design is a single chip microcomputer temperature control system adopting the electric thermocouple to measure temperature, this system is made up of hardware and software. The circuit of the hardware includes three parts: temperature measure and enlarge circuit、eyboard and LED circuit and temperature control circuit. The working course is as following: the electric thermocouple measures the temperature of the stove, the temperature value is changed by A/D converter, and then it is input to 8155 and shown. At the same time the establishing value of systematic temperature is input from 8155 keyboards , it can receive one difference according to actual measurement value and the establishing value, this difference value is deal with PID, and then give this amount to the two-way silicon controlled rectifier. The two-way silicon controlled rectifier has different leading time in the given cycle T, this time is controlled by polarity’s pulse of touching of the two-way silicon controlled rectifier, this pulse of touching is provided by the P1.3 of 8031, it is synchronous with the zero pulse, and then input to control polarity of silicon controlled rectifier through the Photoelectric coupling and drive circuit, it can change the time of heating, at last this system can achieve the control aim. The part of the software is made up of main program, T0 cutting off service routine, and T1 cutting off service routine and so on. Keywords: single chip computer, temperature control, the hardware, PID algorithm 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 1 绪 论 1 1.1选题的背景 1 1.2温度控制技术的现状及其发展趋势 1