药学英语 甘草课件.ppt

甘 草;Origins Plant Morphology Collection and Preparation Production and Commerce Description Microscopical Characters Chemical Constituents Pharmacology Action Indication;Origins;Plant Morphology;乌拉尔甘草： 本品为多年生草本，高30～100 cm ，全株被有白色软毛和腺鳞或腺毛。 根茎圆柱形，主根甚长，粗壮，外皮红棕色至深棕色，味甜。;Stem erect, branchlets with ridges. Leaves pinnately compound, alternate, leaflets 7～17, ovate or broadly ovate, entire; stipules deciduous.; 茎直立，小枝上有背脊。 羽状复叶互生，小叶7~17枚，卵形或宽卵形，全缘；托叶脱落。;蝶形花;总状花序腋生，花密集，花萼钟状，5裂；花冠蝶状，紫红色或蓝紫色；雄蕊10枚，二强雄蕊；子房无柄，向上渐细，成为花柱。;Legume (pod) curved to be sickle-like, densely covered with brown prickly glandular hairs. Seeds 2～8, black, smooth. Flowering season Jun.～Jul.; fruiting season Jul.～Aug.. 荚果弯曲成镰刀状，密被黄褐色刺状腺毛。;Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. : Plant without glandular hairs; leaflets 3-7; Legume small, inflated. Distributed in Xinjiang and Gansu.;Glycyrrhiza glabra L.: Plant without glandular hairs; leaflets 19; Legume flat and straight, glabrous. Distributed in Xinjiang, Qinghai and Gansu.;甘草主产于内蒙古、甘肃、新疆 胀果甘草、光果甘草主产于新疆、甘肃 内蒙古阿拉善旗、杭锦旗、橙口产品质最佳， 内蒙古五原、陕西、山西、新疆产者次之。;Collection and Preparation ;;Description;Texture compact, fracture slightly fibrous, yellowish-white, starchy, cambium ring distinct, rays radiate, some with clefts. Rhizomes cylindrical, externally with bud scars, pith present in the centre of fracture. Odour, slight; taste, sweet and characteristic.;Radix Glycyrrhizae inflata: Roots and rhizomes woody and stout, some branched, the outer bark rough, mostly greyish-brown. Texture compact, lignified fibres abundant, and less starchy, Rhizomes with more and large adventitious buds. Radix Glycyrrhizae glabra: Texture of root and rhizomes relatively compact, some branched, the outer bark not rough, mostly greyish-brown, lenticels small and indistinct. ;1. Phelloderm relatively narrow. 2. most phloem fibres in parenchymatous cells containing prisms of calcium oxalate; 3. Sieve tube 4. Fascicular cambium distinct. 5. Xylem rays in boundles, 6. Roots without pi