010科技英语英文摘要撰写课件.ppt

科技英语英文摘要撰写 Writing an Abstract of English for Science and Technology ;撰写摘要，文体 (styles) 上应遵守上述ABC原则,摘要一般不分段。 1) 英文摘要不同于文章正文，应尽量使用短句子，但也应避免重复单词。如 In this paper, an enhancement, which is named as ABC, is proposed to try to get a more powerful object-oriented method. 应改为简单两句话： An enhancement method, ABC, is proposed. It is a more powerful object-orients method. 并取消原句中不必要的In this paper。;2)在时态上，英文摘要多采用一般现在时和过去时。采用一般现在时来明研究的目的，描述研究的内容，得出结果与结论等。 ①Calculated flooding velocities are close to the experimental values with deviation of ±15％. ②Using the method of pulse synchronization, two schemes of pulse subtracted are described. ③The model if applied to the plane Couette’s flow problem. 最好改为 The environment impact assessment is the important base of the calculation model. ;2)一般过去时用来描述作者过去某一时刻（时段）的发现，某一研究（观察、调查、实验、治疗等）过程等。 ④Four kinds of liquid-liquid systems were examined. ⑤The cycle stress-strain curve and strain-life　curve for the steel 40CrNiMoA were experimentally obtained. ⑥The fatigue tests of notched specimens under random loads were carried out. ⑦The structure of dislocation cores in GaP was investigated by weak-beam electron microscopy. 现在英文摘要中尽量少用现在完成时，更少用过去完成时等。这一点也与英文文章正文有不同之处。 ;3)可用动词的情况应尽量避免应用动词的名词形式。 如应当用 Neutron flux distributions in the core were measured. 而不用 Measurements of neutron flux distributions in the core were made. ;6) 造句时尽量使动词靠近主语。 如用 The decol-orization was irreversible after 10 h of UV irradiation while the pigment was dissolved in dioxane. 而不用 The decol-orization in solutions of the pigment in dioxane, which were exposed to 10 h of UV irradiation, was on longer irreversible. ;8)删繁就简，应当用合适的短语代替子句，用合适的单词代替短语。 如用increased代替has been found to increase，用was代替was considered to be，用seemingly代替it would seem that，等等。 ;摘要中尽量避免使用以第一人称We，I的形式为主语的句子，这以便于文摘刊物编辑加工和利用。例如， In this paper, we provide a method calculating the stability of small four-wheel tractors….We discuss the application conditions of this method. 可改为 A method cal