7.3 递归与变量作用域课件.ppt

上节课复习;知识要点;7.5 递归过程（难点）;1.递归的概念 ; 如果在嵌套调用的过程中调用的是过程自身，这种过程也叫递归过程。 递归是一种十分有用的程序设计技术。由于很多的数学模型和算法设计方法本来就是递归的。比如：求阶乘，求指数等。 用递归过程描述它们比用非递归方法 简洁易读，可理解性好， 算法的正确性证明也比较容易 ;2. 递归算法的结构;裴波拉契数列;3. (重点)递归算法的执行过程分析—以阶乘为例;调用阶乘的程序;Fact(3) If N = 1then Fact = 1 Else Fact = 3 * Fact(3-1) End If End Function ;练一练:1 Private Function f (ByVal n As Integer) As Long If n = 0 Or n = 1 Then f = 1 Else f = f(n-2)+ f (n - 1) End If Print f End Function 主调程序中：x＝f(3)窗体打印几行，每行结果是什么？;Private Sub Command1_Click() Dim n As Integer n = 1 Call dg(n) End Sub Private Sub dg(n As Integer) If n > 3 Then Exit Sub Else dg (n + 1) End If print n End Sub;课堂练习:;Private Function f(n As Integer) As Long If n = 1 Then f = 0 ElseIf n = 2 Then f = 1 Else f = 2 * f(n - 1) - f(n - 2) End If End Function Private Sub Command1_Click() Dim n%, i%, s% n = Val(Text1.Text) For i = 1 To n s = s + f(i) Next i Text2.Text = Str(s) End Sub;4. 无限递归;Private Sub Command1_Click() Dim n As Integer n = 1 Call dg(n) End Sub Private Sub dg(n As Integer) print n If n > 3 Then Exit Sub Else dg (n + 1) End If End Sub;递归真题实例;Private Sub Command1_Click() fun 3 End Sub Public Function fun(m As Integer) As Integer Dim value As Integer If m = 0 Then value = 3 Else value = fun(m - 1) + 5 End If fun = value Print m, value End Function;7.6 变量的作用域;变量的作用域;;　　因为局部变量只在声明它们的过程中才能被访问或改变该变量的值，别的过程不可访问。所以可以在不同的过程中声明相同名字的局部变量而互不影响。 ;;例： Dim n% Private Sub Form_Load() n= 10 End Sub Private Sub From_Click() Print “n=“;n End Sub;Option Explicit Dim TestString As String Private Sub Form_ Activate () Debug.Print "在Form_Activate 事件过程中"; TestString Call ShowTestString End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() TestString = "测试变量作用域" End Sub Private Sub ShowTestString() Debug.Print "在过程ShowTestString 中"; TestString End Sub ;;例子;等荡匿踊哆束鳃