Cause and Effect课件.pptVIP

Cause and Effect;The signal words of cause-effect ;Four patterns of cause-effect relationship; Effect one Cause Effect two Effect three;Outline 1: (If we develop in the side-by-side pattern, we have to keep all the effects, whether negative or positive, at the same order, just like the organisation below.) 1. The cause: I went back to college after ten years of being a housewife. 2. Negative effects: a. My husband feels worried; b. My children have less care from their mother than before; c. I do not have enough time to take care of the family. 3. Positive effects: a. My husband is learning to look after his children; b. My children are learning to be more independent; c. I am learning a lot and becoming more intelligent. ;Outline 2: ( If we develop the controlling idea in the point-by-point method, we pair the same object (person) with both positive and negative effects.) 1. The cause: I went back to college after ten years of being a housewife. 2. The effects on my husband: My husband feels worried, but he is learning to look after his children. 3. The effects on my children Though my children have less care from their mother than before, they are learning to be more independent. 4. The effects on myself I do not have enough time to take care of the family. However, I am learning a lot and becoming more intelligent. ; Cause one Effect Cause two Cause three;Effect: Smoking cigarettes can be an expensive habit. Causes: 1) The cost of cigarettes is high. 2) The hidden cost of clean-up of clothing stuffs, furniture and carpet is high.;Tree diagram of causal chain: ( cause 1) ? ( effect 1) = ( cause 2 ) ? (effect 2) = (cause 3) ?