Chapter1-2 2010课件.ppt

新编简明英语语言学教程A NEW CONCISE COURSE ON LINGUISTICS FOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH Contents 12 Chapters 4 Parts Part 1 Chapter 1 (The general introduction about linguistics, to give an answer about what is linguistics and what is language, and some of their characteristics.) Part 2 Chapter 2/3/4/5/6 (It mainly introduces the basic branches of linguistics such as Phonetics语音学, Phonology音系学, Morphology形态学, Syntax句法学, Semantics语义学, Pragmatics语用学。) Part 3 Chapter 7/8/9 （This part mainly discusses the development of language and the relationship between language and society or culture.） Part 4 Chapter 10/11/12 (This part is about the learning of language, how could a person get the ability of speaking one language, of course, no matter it is first language or second language, there must be quite a strong relationship with the brain of us.) References 外语教学与研究出版社 Andrew Radford etc.. 北京大学出版社 胡壮麟 Chapter One Introduction Linguistics 1. What is linguistics (definition)? 2. Its scope and some distinctions that are important What is linguistics (definition)? The scientific study of language. To answer the questions such as: What is language? How does language work? How does language change? What do all languages have in common? Etc.. How to study and what to study? By systematic investigation of linguistic data, with reference to some theories, to find the nature and rules underlying language system. linguistics studies languages in general, not any particular language. The scope and some distinctions of linguistics Branches of linguistics: (3) Phonetics语音学，Phonology音系学, Morphology形态学, Syntax句法学, Semantics语义学, Pragmatics语用学。 The study of all these aspects of language form the core of linguistics. Important distinctions: 1. Prescriptive vs. descriptive 2. Synchronic vs. diachronic 3. Speech vs. writing 4. Langue vs. parole 5. Competence vs. performance 6. Traditional grammar and modern linguistics 1. Prescriptive vs. descriptive To describe and analyze the lan