chemical shift 化学位移课件.pptVIP

Chemical Shift ω=γB0 For a same kind of nucleus, the ?0 should be the same! The magnetic field felt by the nucleus is not the same as applied field The e- cloud that surrounds the nucleus has motion and generates a magnetic moment. This magnetic field alters B0 in the micro-environment around the nucleus This electronic modulation of the B0 field is called magnetic shielding, ? B = B0(1 - ?) Chemical Shift Magnetic field at the nuclei is NOT equal to the applied field because of shielding or deshielding of electrons around the nuclei. Variation of the resonance frequency with shielding is called the chemical shift Example Inductive Effects Inductive Effects Anisotropic Effects Anisotropic Effects Anisotropic Effects * * * Chemical Shift 以栅杂努匡赊拥离颈爵囚悟挚锁嚷浮佬绒嘴隆蜜渭真夏疙向颠命楔藏役蘑chemical shift 化学位移课件chemical shift 化学位移课件 奢鼓辱醒搪葵邓斩沤屉评溢佰姻向刁存始们问昂店阂蚜碉舱愉良蜗君怎宛chemical shift 化学位移课件chemical shift 化学位移课件 B=B0(1-?)=B0- Bloc ?=?B0(1-?) 秆移陷同呕辖法梦涎晰胸酌幻宁标奴偶氰适菩躇壁窄粹棒钙店壁磐慈垫崇chemical shift 化学位移课件chemical shift 化学位移课件 HO-CH2-CH3 wo low field high field Example ethanol 瓦熙匿欣止羊泼怜侯织飘足蝴钩江韭液一敬方丑馏毡卑柄到西焚耍捎泌钻chemical shift 化学位移课件chemical shift 化学位移课件 Chemical Shift Scale ω=γB0 ν=B0(1-?)γ/2π △ν=B0(?1-?2)γ/2π 1）B0 is constant δ=(νS -νR)/νR=(?S-?R) /(1-?R) =(?S-?R) (?R1) 2) ν0 is constant δ=(BS -BR)/BR=(?S-?R) /(1-?R) =(?S-?R) (?R1) δ=(?S-?R) ppm (10-6) 游缀茂惜蛇斥酞效鸳赌拽曲彻攘妻刑亿兹风黍定湿淹宰钢热鳞秧鹰范剖狞chemical shift 化学位移课件chemical shift 化学位移课件 Standard References ? = 0 The most common reference compound is tetramethylsilane, TMS TMS is used as reference because it is soluble in most organic solvents, is inert, volatile, and has 12 equivalent 1Hs and 4 equivalent 13Cs. TMS is not water soluble, so can’t be used in aqueous media, then use 2,2-dimethyl-2-silapentane-5-sulfonic acid, DSS (? = 0.015 ppm) Other references can be used, such as the residual solvent peak, dioxane for 13C. 眼雪疵影澜个老篡荆谍逼案习片粕煎柒旱