unit 5 翻译课件.ppt

长句翻译 长句的翻译首先要判断出句子的结构（如是简单句，并列句，还是复合句），再找出句中的主要句子成分，即主语和谓语动词，然后再分清句中的宾语、状语、表语、宾语补足语、定语等，最后还要弄清原文的表达模式特点。一般说来，英语长句的翻译主要依原句的语义及句子各部分间的逻辑关系而定，采取的方法就是分译，而分译法大体又分为顺译法、逆译法、综合法。 　 长句翻译不能一味地照顾译入语的表达习惯而不重视原文作者句式安排的特殊目的或意图，而要想看出原文作者的用意，就不能将目光局限在一个句子中各部分间的逻辑关系上，而应扩展到句群乃至语篇中。 The following are the major steps to translate a long sentence: Step 1 Find out the basic pattern(查明基本句型） Step 2 Find out the subordination (查明丛属结构) Step 3 Find out the meanings of words( 查明词义) Step 4 Find out the focus, temporal or logical sequences (查明重心、时间或逻辑顺序） Step 5 (Re)arrange various parts according to Chinese ways of thinking and modes of expression (按照中国人的思维方式和表达习惯，安排或调整语序） Step 6 Revise, modify and polish the draft( 修订、润饰初稿） 　 It is quite obvious that the organization of such a computer becomes rather complex, since one must insure that a mix-up does not occur among all the various problems and that the correct information is available for the computer when it is called for, but if not, the computation will wait until it is available. （顺译法) 　　 From the standpoint of the developing countries, the next decade should see a greatly accelerated program for scientific and technological co-operation, aimed at wide-spread dissemination of technology for meeting the basic needs of man, such as nutrition, shelter, communications, health and sanitation. (from the United Nations documents) （顺译法) 　　 Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture. (顺译法） 　　 I immediately stopped what was to me the almost incredible practice of having the President’s bed from the white House flown ahead whenever he traveled outside Washington so that he would never have to sleep in a strange bed. ( The Memoirs of Richard Nixon) （顺译法） ...yet, as it sometimes happens that a person departs his life, who is really deserv