被遥感-W3-第二章-1节 植被遥感数据获取....ppt

Passive vs. Active Sensors Passive sensors detect and record EMR emitted from an external source. Active sensors detect and record EMR emitted from the sensor itself. Passive Sensors What Does The Detector “See”? The instantaneous field of view (IFOV) is the cone angle in which the incident energy on the detector is focused. Types of Sensors I Types of Sensors II Pushbroom Sensor Types of Sensors III Types of Sensors IV Types of Sensors V Whiskbroom Sensors Types of Sensors VI Data Transmission All sensors record the image data digitally. Spaceborne sensors must routinely transmit the information back to Earth, before the memory buffer (think: “hard drive”) fills up and so we can use it (doesn’t do us much good if the data stays in orbit). Platforms and Sensor Movement A platform is what sensors are mounted on. A platform can have multiple sensors. A sensor usually has multiple detectors. All of the detector configurations except for the digital frame camera area arrays require forward movement of the detectors to create an image. In the case of a stationary platform, a 2-axis gimballed scanning mirror can be used to image 2-dimensions. Satellites and airplanes are ideal platforms on which to mount these types of sensors. Types of Movement Forward moving Polar orbiting satellites Airplanes Stationary Geosynchronous satellites Helicopters Balloons Describing Sensors Resolution: the smallest difference between two units of measurement that is resolvable by a sensor Extent: the range of units of measurement that a sensor can resolve Spatial Resolution and Extent Spatial Resolution: the smallest angular or linear separation between two objects resolvable by the sensor Recall that D = H’*IFOV; spaceborne sensors typically have a fixed orbit (H’ is constant) and fixed optics (IFOV is constant), therefore the spatial resolution is fixed, and can be reported in units of distance instead of angle. For example, a LANDSAT TM non-thermal bands have a spatial resolution of 30m