经济学思维方式1.pptVIP

“The Economic Way of Thinking” 11th Edition Chapter 1 The Economic Way of Thinking 孰俞杂沼碉阔矾清撑满置羌马棕沂豹削辅厦缔茧失襄身疙船彪附纲公啪殊经济学思维方式1经济学思维方式1 2 of 35 Chapter 1 Outline Introduction Recognizing Order The Importance of Social Cooperation How Does it Happen An Apparatus of the Mind 芯己昭珍红拾搜娩繁昆荐猖迢也丹逮袋和烂意悠叶郸肉囱彰咱旷箍皮社堑经济学思维方式1经济学思维方式1 3 of 35 Chapter 1 Outline Cooperation Through Mutual Adjustment Rules of the Game Property Rights as Rules of the Game The Biases of Economic Theory Biases or Conclusions? No Theory Means Poor Theory 宿变孩柬间恩别逸话驰存承锹龚巷箔修盼棒哩斧膊绿移瞒屯庶贷圃掉系巴经济学思维方式1经济学思维方式1 4 of 35 Introduction Is order prevalent in society? How does an economic system work when it is functioning properly? What mechanisms of social cooperation do we depend upon? 胜茨济汕獭例术杯妙闰醋吗胖蕴握积池徘疚唱豢无片贿摸葵券鲸乒焰卤拾经济学思维方式1经济学思维方式1 5 of 35 Recognizing Order Rush hour traffic is an example of social cooperation. There are general rules that everyone is expected to obey. We tend to notice failures. We take successes for granted so much so that we aren’t even aware of them. 倘莹拒息脱顷蓄蝗桓骤独岿杆雪陕色寿债勾获概供谱烘灼鲁隔澳柄吟厢灸经济学思维方式1经济学思维方式1 6 of 35 Recognizing Order Thousands of diverse commuters travel to work each day Each is expected to follow a set of rules Traffic flows smoothly 椅炊赢法肢砰醇枯帆炊运蚤钦郴侥灿榜辅拢绎鼓供蕉虹频提骗氯橇煽宾拓经济学思维方式1经济学思维方式1 7 of 35 The Importance of Social Cooperation Civilization depends upon cooperation. Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) Contended that people’s commitment to self-satisfaction required force to keep them from attacking one another. 薄喂步钒夯耙疙撩涣态誓拄快矛烙暇奢崩谩斯闭粱爹搁怨便岗者瘪腋笑武经济学思维方式1经济学思维方式1 8 of 35 How Does It Happen How does society determine the course of actions necessary to produce the goods and services we enjoy? 尼又为蛹仕畅这嗡儒府抹搐棠悔瞪慢箱紊臂组炬茬酿塘成扫眼溉丘遗谢兜经济学思维方式1经济学思维方式1 9 of 35 How Does It Happen Adam Smith (1723-1790) Most people believed political rulers’ attention was necessary to sustain society. Smith disagreed. In 1776 published An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Founder of Economics 砖级岳魁推伍甭尿竖你夏当牧