英文语法很好.doc

英语句法精要 ---金浩链 一、英语的谓语形式 单个动词的一般现在时、一般过去时，如 am，were，has，do，look，came 助动词+动词原形，如 can be， will do， should prepare，must learn be + 非谓语动词，如 am/are/is/was/were + doing/done/to do d．have + 非谓语动词, 如 have/has/had + gone/to go 二、非独立谓语动词(基本形式) 形式 to- -ing -ed 例词 to do to be doing being done been 动态词性 名/形/副 名/形/副 形/副 基本情态意义 要能应须 主动做 被动做 构谓形式原形 be to do/be have to do/be be doing be done have done/been 三、最基本的三种句型 1.主语 + 动词 Mike lives here.麦克住在这里。 The children came running towards me.孩子们朝着我跑过来。 She is in Shanghai.她在上海。 2.主语 + 动词 + 表语 Tom is a student.汤姆是一个学生。 He became a teacher.他成了一名教师。 She looks happy.她显得高兴。 The matter is of importance.这件事很重要。 3.主语 + 动词 +（介词）+ 宾语 Mike likes books.麦克喜欢书。 Have you finished talking?你们谈完话了吗？ We shall begin to work.我们要开始工作。 Do you know how to do it?你知道怎么做吗？ She is fond of this game.她对这个游戏感兴趣。 He enjoys playing tennis.他爱玩网球。 ** it 作主语的无人称句（这种 it 无明确词义） It was late autumn.那是晚秋。 It began to snow.天开始下雪。 How many kilometers is it from the school to your factory?从学校到你们厂子有多少公里？ Itll be lovely in the park today.今天公园里一定很美丽。 ** There 引导句 英语存现句常用 there （个别情况用here ）来引导。主语出现在存现动词之后，而状语一般放到句子的尾部。这种结构中的 there 只起引导的作用，本身没有词义。 There aren’t any students in the classroom.教室里没有学生。 There came a knock at the door.响起敲门声。 ** It 引导句 A. It（有时 that 也可） 作形式主语 It is our duty to attend to this matter.关心这件事是我们的责任。 Its no use talking to him about it.告诉他这件事没用。 It doesnt matter whether you get there late or early.你到那里早晚都没关系。 It seems that he was late for school.好像他上学迟到了。 That’s great that you were there for him today.今天你在那儿对他来说太重要了。 B. It 作形式宾语 He found it very difficult to answer the question.他发现这个问题很难回答。 I think it no use telling them.我认为告诉他们没用。 ** 被动句 Football is played all over the world.足球是普及全球的运动。 The date is expected to be announced soon.估计有关资料即将公布。 It was considered a s