取得属性条款.pptVIP

Unit 4 Sharing;一、定义： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 The man who lives next to us is a lawyer. ; 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有 who, whom, whose, which, that 等和关系副词 where, when, why 等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。;二、关系代词和关系副词的作用： 1. 由 who, whom, whose 引导的定语从句这类定语从句中 who 用作主语, whom 作宾语, whose 作定语指人。 This is the man who helped me. （这位是帮过我的那个人。）;The Doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. (你找的那位大夫在屋里。) Do you know the man whose name is Yao Ming? （你认识那个叫姚明的人吗？）;2. which 引导的定语从句 这类从句只能指物，which 在从句中作主??或（谓语动词或介词的）宾语。 This is the book which you want. 这就是你要的那本书。 The building which stands near the river is our school. 河边的那栋楼是我们学校。; The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. （有机器的房间是车间。） 1) whom，whose，which 作介词宾语 时, 介词一般可放在它们之前, 也可放在从句原来的位置上, 在含有介词的动词固定词组中, 介词只能放在原来的位置上。（with whose help… whose 作介词宾语必须要加名词，如这里的help）; This is the person whom you are looking for. 这位就是你在找的那个人。 2) 引导非限制性定语从句时，关系代 词往往用 which，不用 that。 I have lost my book, which I like very much. ;3. 由 that 引导的定语从句 that 在定语从句中可以指人或物, 在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。 The letter that I received was from my father. 我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。; 　　 在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句： 1) 先行词是不定代词: all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。 All that we have to do is to practice every Day. 我们要做的就是每天练习。;2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。;3) 先行词被 all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some 等修饰。 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 你给我的书我全读完了。 4) 先行词被 the only, the very, the last修饰时。; He is the only person that I want to talk to.