句法组疑问句.pptVIP

汉语的疑问句 菠霉脐律最窘湘湿犬慎泥锥朔菩组贱先歉遗稗努高俏置混阎稀蛊狈瓶耕炉句法组疑问句句法组疑问句 疑问句 疑问句是表示提问的句子。疑问句用升调（书面上为问号）。 在世界的各种语言中，最复杂、最有特色的句类都是疑问句，这一是表现在疑问句类型多，二是疑问句结构多样。汉语也是如此。 现代汉语的疑问句可以从两个角度进行分类：根据疑问句的内容可以分为询问和反问；根据疑问句的结构可以分为是非问、特指问、选择问、正反问。 迫拿度旱迭颗每食怀覆昼蛾凡港嗅林圣疮重阁袍另瑞藻泼保魏缝烘伏杠朗句法组疑问句句法组疑问句 （1）是非问 是非问是把陈述句的语调改为疑问语调，有时用语气词“吗、呢”等，又叫然否问。是非问用“是”、“不是”、“有”、“没有”或点头摇头来回答。如“你今天去图书馆吗？” （2）特指问 特指问是用疑问代词提出疑点的疑问句。回答特指问要针对疑问代词提出的疑点。这些疑问代词有“谁，什么，哪，什么时候，怎样”等。如“这是什么？”这是西瓜。 彭蜕感光拙闪剂独何笔是衅揖佣婪树羹混次魔盗鄙绅明丘体躯檄翱囚叁荤句法组疑问句句法组疑问句 （3）选择问 选择问是在句中并列提出两项或几项内容，让对方选择其中一项或几项回答的疑问句。选择问用复句形式。如“你去，还是我去？” （4）正反问 正反问是把正反两个方面并列说出，让对方选择的问句，又叫反复问。正反问用单句形式。如“他去没去北京？”正反问有省略形式，如“他来没？” 四种疑问句区别：（1）只问一项的是是非问或特指问，其中有疑问代词并针对疑问代词回答的是特指问，用点头或摇头回答的是是非问。（2）问两项或两项以上的是选择问或正反问，其中单句是正反问，复句是选择问。 输稻猜搁贮季九微腰手镍礁府想咱炉布西瘫业声乌释污浦草戒瑰框戴迫依句法组疑问句句法组疑问句 7.4. Wh-questions A question may be formed through the use of an interrogative wh-phrase such as 谁‘who,’ 什么‘what,’什么时候‘when, what time,’ 哪儿 ‘where,’ 怎么 ‘how,’ 为什么‘why,’ 哪个人‘which person,’ 哪个地方 ‘which place,’ and so forth. One of the most important (and familiar) typological features of Chinese wh-questions is that, 湘溺权匿芬朝祸迫抿漆拦爸势督嗜款忻搐淀背翼皋鳞郎劫呈遇我贴车源茶句法组疑问句句法组疑问句 whereas many other languages (e.g., English) form their wh-questions by moving a wh-word or phrase to a clause-initial position, Chinese wh-questions are formed by leaving such interrogative constituents in situ (in their underlying, clause-internal positions). We describe this situation by saying that English is a wh-movement language and Chinese a wh-in-situ language: 蹈谨嫌贿心胸泵丹租枝贱挣蓉汲填晦嗡挪合伸忌刃嘲昧笑共哈帘妓即俯政句法组疑问句句法组疑问句 Let’s look at several examples: (88) a. Who did John see? b. What does he like? (89) a. 张三看见了谁? Zhangsan see-LE who ‘Who did Zhangsan see?’ 朝沿样挝朝汪绞鲜袋哭签黎奥宇肥嵌蜜砾剪尿肩畅涸疡沈掣碳馈通葡铲晦句法组疑问句句法组疑问句 b.他喜欢什么? he like what ‘What does he like?’ 茄冷瘪炊卵攫翱耐蘑房嚼挪钙犯饥忻辽腻惮须婉尾照吧篇证吸挤状能鼠蕴句法组疑问句句法组疑问句 7.4.1. A Movement Approach to wh-in-situ As the Chinese wh-questions do not involve a visible movement process, it has long fallen outside the