挤压模具的数字化设计与数字化制造 - 中国材料进展.doc

挤压模具的数字化设计与数字化制造 张志豪(，谢建新 （北京科技大学 新材料技术研究院，北京 100083） 摘 要: 本文介绍了基于数字仿真技术的挤压模具数字化设计、结构优化、产品质量预测的实现方法，以及挤压模具数字化制造的加工工艺基于仿真技术的虚拟试模实现挤压模具的“零试模”有效途径，也是的重要技术手段。实现CAD、CAM和CAE的有效结合，提高复杂多孔空心型材挤压模具的制造技术水平，是我国挤压模具数字化制造的重要发展方向。关键词: 挤压模具；数字化设计；CNC加工；数值模拟 中图分类号：TG375.4 文献标识码： A 文章编号： Digital Design and Manufacture of Extrusion Die Zhang Zhi-hao(, Xie Jian-xin (Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China) Abstract: The article introduced the die digital design, optimization and production quality forecast of extrusion, and the processes of die digital manufacture. The authors pointed out that, the aims of the digital design of extrusion die were providing geometry and topology information of the die, as well as the process information of extrusion practice. The core technologies of the digital design were digital modeling and digital simulation. Digital simulation was applied in analyzing metal flowing behaviors, die optimization, and production quality forecast of extrusion. Using virtual extrusion based on digital simulation was an effective way to achieve “without die test” of extrusion die, and also was an important platform for developing new design ideas and methods. The feature of digital manufacture of extrusion die was the wide application of CNC processing, heat treatment and surface treatment. Improving the manufacture level of extrusion dies with complicate and multi-orifice structure through combining CAD, CAM and CAE effectively, was the key development direction of the extrusion die digital manufacture industry at the current stage of our country. Key words: Extrusion die; Digital design; CNC process; Numerical simulation 1 前言 模具设计制造是挤压生产的核心技术，对于铝合金型材挤压，模具成本可占挤压成本的30%~40%，对于某些钛合金、钢铁材料挤压，模具成本可达生产成本的50%[1]。 传统的铝合金型材挤压模具设计主要依据工程类比和模具设计者的个人经验，模具设计加工完成后需经多次试模和修模才能保证其顺利投入使用，导致挤压产品质量稳定性和一致性差、模具使用寿命较短，甚至造成企业停工待模，影响正常生产。随着挤压产品在航空航天、轨道交通、国防军工等领域应用范围的扩大，挤压产品不断向精密化、大型化、断面形状复杂化、产品性能均匀化发展，传统的挤压模具设计方法已