灌区现代化及国外灌排技术发展课件.pptVIP

一、灌区现代化 农业现代化是中国现代化进程中的短板 在2013年12月召开的中央农村工作会议上再次强调国家粮食安全战略，会议指出，要加快推进农业现代化，以保障国家粮食安全和促进农民增收为核心，立足我国基本国情农情，遵循现代化规律，依靠科技支撑和创新驱动，提高土地产出率、资源利用率、劳动生产率，努力走出一条生产技术先进、经营规模适度、市场竞争力强、生态环境可持续的中国特色新型农业现代化道路。 二、为什么要开展灌区现代化 * * * * * * The percentage of corn used in ethanol production increased from 6% in 2000/01 to 17% in 2006/07 and is projected to increase to 30% of the U.S. corn crop by 2010/11. Corn production is forecast to increase 25 percent between 2006/07 to 2010/11. The increased production will come from both increased area and yields. At the end of the projection period, Ethanol from corn is expected to account for 8% of annual gasoline use in the U.S. * Taking 2004 production technologies and price: How much would the crude oil price have to increase to allow biofuel production to become competitive with domestic gasoline and diesel prices net of taxes? * To summarize our system, this diagram depicts a simplified schematic showing the flow of data and decisions within our District, if not a typical Corps district. Starting at the lower left, we have the real-time gages that record observed conditions The telemetry on those gages automatically transmit observed data to a satellite. The data, in turn, are downloaded to computer “servers” in the District office where the data are processed, stored and made available for watershed modeling. Water control managers in the District office then review the data, perform computations, make decisions about how to regulate reservoirs for achieving the authorized project purposes. Operational instructions are then communicated to dam tenders via telephone, radio, or electronically. They make the physical changes to gate settings at the dam and other water control structures. The other arrows you see reflect data flow and communications with others that are critical to achieving our mission objectives. * 八、 规模化经营及技术支撑 关注集约化经营和小型农户的发展问题 发 展 中 国 家 经济发展使这些国家的人口从农村向城市转移 粮食需求和生产在增加 农田面积增加，在发展机械化 发展高价值的作物，以使农民在