核苷酸代谢Nucleotide Metabolism课件.ppt

Chapter 8;Nucleotides are bilding blocks of nucleic acids. They are non-essential nutrients , because they can be synthesized in the body. Nucleic acids occur in the nucleoprotein. ;Dietary nucleoprotein is digested in the stomach to yield protein and nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are further digested in the small intestine to generate nucleotides. Nucleotides are absorbed into intestinal mucosa cells , where they are degraded to three components : base , pentose and phosphate.;Pentose is absorbed but base is degraded and excreted. Fnuctions of Nucleotides They serve as building blocks of nucleic acids. ATP plays an important pole in energy transformation. ATP , ADP, and AMP may function as allosteric regula- tors and participate in regulation of many metabolic path- ways. ATP involves in covalent modification of enzymes.;4. CAMP and cGMP are second messengers. 5. They are components of some coenzymes , such as ADP in FAD , ADP in HSCoA etc. 6 . They are carriers of active metabolic intermediates such as UDPG , SAM , CDP-DG etc.; Purine Nucleotide Metabolism Anabolism There are two pathways of synthesis of purine nucleotides : the de novo synthesis pathway and the salvage pathway. The former is the main synthesis pathway of nucleotides , the latter is important I brain and bone marrow.;The de novo synthesis of purine nucleotide means using phosphoribose , amino acids , one carbon units and CO2 as raw materials to synthesize purine nucleotide from the beginning. fig 8-2;The pathway can be divided into two stages. Stage one : formation of inosine monophosphate ( IMP ) Stage two : conversion of IMP to either AMP or GMP Stage One PRPP synthetase R5P + ATP---------------------------?PRPP + AMP amidotransferase PRPP + Gln---------------------------?PRA + Glu;Once PRA