The Danger of Deadly Cosmic Explosions课件.pptVIP

The Danger of Deadly Cosmic Explosions;Extinctions of Species on EarthShows Massive Events, but Due to What?;Later classes have larger brains. Time difference around 100 million years.;Dangerous Cosmic Events;AGN Jets, Bad but Not Here Soon;Markarian 421;Supernova Explosions Near Earth;November 11, 1572Tycho Brahe;How Close is Too Close?;Surgeon General’s Warning:Supernovae are Dangerous to Your Health!;The Smoking Gun:Supernova Debris on the Earth;Deep Ocean Crust1998;60Fe ConfirmationKnie et al (2004);Sea Sludge as a Telescope;60Fe 53Mn in Deep Ocean Crust;A Near Miss?;Neutrinos from Nearby SN Can be Lethal to All Life, r10 pc;Increased Rate at Arm Crossings?;Did a Gamma-Ray Burst initiate the late Ordovician mass extinction?;GRBs;Terrestrial Consequencesof a Nearby GRB;Prompt burst effects;Long-term effects;Damage to marine organisms;Patterns of Ordovician Extinction;Typical Ordovician organisms;Depth Dependence of Late Ordovician Extinctions;Global Cooling and the Ordovician Extinction;Ordovician/GRB Connection?;Predicted as GRB Effects Extinction of shallow (not deep) water organisms Extinction of free-swimming organisms Extinction of surface floaters (plankton) and organisms with planktonic larval forms Nitric acid rain Reduction of solar radiation – cooling ;Thomas, et al, Conclusions;References;References;A More Radical View May Be Emerging;Dar and deRujula GRB Model;The End May be in Sight!