- 1、本文档共18页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
查看更多
Theories of History课件
Theories of History
K.J. Benoy
冰桐易抖奠拴类病井砸冈痹园啼仍娠粉堑查尹底社独合掸值邱合员垛宜茸Theories of History课件Theories of History课件
Schools of Thought
Historians (and non-historians) seek to make sense of the past.
They look for patterns.
They seek truths.
What they find shapes their conclusions.
If they are not intellectually honest, their existing ideas may determine what they seek in the past – and therefore reinforce pre-determined beliefs – not unlike a science student “cooking” his experimental results.
Since we all have biases, a good historian must be aware of his own and must avoid a myopic approach and be willing to change positions if the evidence warrants it.
低捞沾阿涸缔祥都拇膛违丈疑苍拟尽楼述庸甲没秤碳挛枯差腺惟毗茄短淖Theories of History课件Theories of History课件
Schools of Thought
It is possible to see clusters of historical interpretations – these are referred to as schools of thought.
Sometimes historical writers fit comfortably into one particular school. Sometimes they straddle two or more.
翻锋垂栏迎晕涨讨种恶梢格恢眶熟愧我截充粳鬼锗嘶惮唬咆贿者粤掠友签Theories of History课件Theories of History课件
Cyclical
This suggests that history repeats itself over time. There is no real progress.
Such views were common in the ancient world – Herodotus [the ancient Greek known as the father of history; his accounts of the wars between the Greeks and Persians are the first known examples of historical writing (485-425 BC)] and Thucydides [ancient Greek historian remembered for his history of the Peloponnesian War (460-395 BC)] suggested this. Ssu-Ma Ch’ien, in China, believed in dynastic cycles.
Mesoamerican civilizations believed in this.
During the Renaissance Petrarch [an Italian poet famous for love lyrics (1304-1374)] and Machiavelli [a statesman of Florence who advocated a strong central government (1469-1527)] recycled the idea.
In modern times Toynbee [English historian who studied the rise and fall of civilizations looking for cyclical patterns (1889-1975) ]and Spengler[German philosopher who argued that cultures grow and decay in cycles (1
您可能关注的文档
- The History of Mass Media in America课件.ppt
- The Gulf War(海湾战争1990年) introduction 简介 英语 展示课件.ppt
- The Greatest Directors of the 20th century 演示文稿课件.ppt
- The Company Man课件.ppt
- The History of Electricity课件.ppt
- The Holocaust课件.ppt
- The Great Pyramid of Giza课件.ppt
- The Enlightenment Period课件.ppt
- The icy defender(final)课件.ppt
- The genitic network of life-span extension by dietary课件.ppt
文档评论(0)