认知过程（cognitive process）.docVIP

认知过程（cognitive process） Cognitive process: Attention is the direction and concentration of mental activities toward certain objects, and directionality and concentration are two basic characteristics of attention. Attention can be divided into involuntary attention and intentional attention. Involuntary attention refers to the realization of no predetermined purpose, also do not need to pay attention to the cause of the will, do not intend to pay attention to the main features of the stimuli, such as stimulus intensity and stimulus contrast between the physical activity and change the subjective state of stimulation, novel stimuli such as people, such as people the needs and interests of emotional state Intentional attention refers to a predetermined purpose, the need to do a certain effort to pay attention to, and arouse and maintain the attention of the method, have a thorough understanding of activities, training indirect interest, reasonable organization activities Note: Note: the 1. characteristics of stability is the stability of attention attention characteristics in time, is that attention can duration 2. attention span in the same object or the same activities: also called attention to the essay, refers to the distribution of the number of objects at the same time can clearly grasp the 3. note that means at the same time to shift the attention point to different objects 4. note: refers to the center of attention under the new task, active from an object or a transfer to another object or another activity. Sensation is the reaction of the human brain to the individual attributes that are directly acting on the objective matter of the sense organ Receptivity is the ability to feel stimulated Absolute receptivity is the ability to feel the minimum amount of stimulus The absolute threshold is the minimum amount of stimulation that can just cause sensation. Below this value, people can not feel the existence of stimulation Absolute sensitivity and absolute sensa