无限和现在分词.ppt

Grammar and usage;Various forms of a verb;Various forms of a verb;★ To-infinitive ★ bare infinitive ★ verb-ing form as a noun. ; I. To-infinitive;　　The to-infinitive can be used alone or as part of an infinitive phrase and the to-infinitive can serve as the subject, object, object complement, attribute, predicative or adverbial of a sentence. ;1.the to-infinitive used as the subject 不定式作主语 遵纪守法是每个人的职责。 To obey law is everyone’s duty. 了解自己是困难的。 To know oneself is difficult. 满嘴食物地讲话是不礼貌的。 To talk with your mouth full is rude.;;他自己设法解决了问题。 He managed to solve the problem by himself. 我喜欢读一些体育方面的新闻报道。 I like to read newspaper articles about sports. 安米想知道更多的关于这部电影的情况。 Amy wants to know more about the film.;The following words are usually followed by the to-infinitive as the object: want, hope, wish, like, begin, start, agree, learn, promise, teach, refuse, help, arrange, dare, decide, determine, fail, manage, offer, prepare, pretend, continue, ask, mean, expect, choose, prefer.;3.the to-infinitive used as the object complement 不定式作宾语补足语 eg. 我希望你能使每样东西都保持整洁。 Id like you to keep everything tidy. 老师要我们今天完成工作。 The teacher asked us to finish the work today. 请让杰克关上窗户。 Tell Jack to close the window, please.;4.the to-infinitive used as the attribute 不定式作定语 eg. 我有许多工作要做。 I have a lot of work to do. 我没有一个可以交谈的人。 I have no one to talk to. 他正在找房子住。 He is looking for a house to live in.;5.the to-infinitive used as the predicative 不定式作表语 eg. 我的愿望是成为一名医生。 My wish is to be a doctor. 我们的计划是两周内完这项工作。 Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks. 我现在最需要的是好好休息。 What I need most now is to have a  good rest.;eg. 他来这儿参加一个重要的会议。（目的） He came here to attend an important meeting. (purpose);萨姆听得这个消息很吃惊。（原因） Sam was very surprised to hear the news.(reason) 他到家发现他的老朋友乔治在等他。（结果） He went home to find his old friendGeorge waiting for him. (result) ;When we use to-infinitive as the result adverbial, it means the result is unexpected or surprising. 　　eg. He hurried to