英文写作手册.docVIP

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英文写作手册

行文格式 Manuscript Form 4.1标点Punctuation 4.1.1逗号(,)(Comma) 逗号表示句子内部的一般性停顿。例如 : ●When she came,1 was busy washing my coat. 当你说完came后稍停了一下,那也就是把这个句子写出来时该打一个逗号的地方。但有时由于句子结构的需要也用逗号,即使在没有停顿的地方也一样。 4.1.1.1在并列句中连词 yet,but,or,for,so,nor,and等的前面用逗号。例如: ●She asked the question in a loud voice,but no one answered ●She was tired,and she decided to have a rest ●Hurry up,or you’ll miss the plane. ●She couldn’t go to the park to meet him,nor could she send anyone instead of her. ●It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet. ●He is a clever boy,yet you can’t help liking him. 如果两个或两个以上的并列从句在句式上都很简短,意思上又紧密相连,那么它们之间可以不用连词而只用逗号。例如: ●A memoir is history,it is based on evidence. - E. M. Forster 上面这种逗号的用法属于特殊情况,在文学作品中有时可以见到。 4.1.1.2如果短语或状语从句被放置在句子的主语前面,或放在句子中间时,后面应该用逗号。例如: ●When the bell rang, the children rushed out of the classroom. ●In the ancient palace, they saw the throne where emperors used to sit. ●To see the importance of this road, one has to look at a map. ●Born and brought up in the South, she is not used to eating wheat. ●The audience,interested in the topic, asked the speaker many questions.。 如主语前的状语成分很短,其后可不加逗号,当然也要考虑避免造成误解。例如: ●On hearing the big noise I knew something terrible had happened. ●In one corner of the hall they found the injured dog.。 如果主要从句在前,状语成分在后,逗号一般要被 ●You’ll be unable to finish the work in time if you don’t start at once. ●I was trying to reach her by phone when she walked into my office. ●He found the document in one of the drawers of his desk. 4.1.1.3一组作用相同的词或短语在一起使用时要用逗号分开。例如: ●She buys beer, milk, vegetables, and many other things from this supermarket. 在不会造成误解的情况下,连词前面的逗号可省略。 4.1.1.4非限定性定语从句或短语和句子的主要部分之间要用逗号隔开。例如: ●Zhang Hua, who is the best student of the class,will go to a famous college. ●He had to leave his hometown, where he had 1ived ever since he was born. ●Mr. Li, the new chairman of the department, will speak at the meeting. ●An old lady, nodding and smiling, invited us in. 如果是限定性定语从句和短语则不需要用逗号分开。例如: ●This is the house whe

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